Chryseobacterium meningosepticum formerly known as flavobacterium meningosepticum or cdciia is a gramnegative rod widely. It is known to cause meningitis in neonates and premature infants. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica free definitions by babylon. The baby had a history of intubation and mechanical ventilation at birth due to asphyxia, after which she spent 2 days in hospital. Although most commercial identification systems still include c. Immunocompromised individuals are particularly at increased risk for developing severe infections due to e. Members the genus chryseobacterium are widely distributed microorganisms that can be recovered from a wide variety of environments, such as fresh water, sewage and wastewater, soil or food sources, such as milk, poultry and meat and dairy products. We report a second case in the united states in a patient with metastatic breast cancer who, while on chemotherapy, developed a bacteremia due. King used serological procedures for typing strains isolated in the epidemiological studies. A case of healthcare associated pneumonia caused by. Endocarditis due to chryseobacterium meningosepticum k bomb, a arora, n trehan abstract chryseobacterium meningosepticum is a gram negative rod widely distributed in nature.
The pathogen causes meningitis in premature and newborn infants and pneumonia, endocarditis, postoperative bacteremia, and meningitis usually associated with severe underlying illness in. Although chryseobacterium meningosepticum is the most pathogenic member of the genus, c. First case of elizabethkingia anophelis meningitis in the. Describe the general characteristics of the organisms discussed in this chapter. Chryseobacteria can also colonize patients via contaminated medical devices such as respirators, intubation tubes, humidifiers. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum, formerly known as flavobacterium meningosepticum and cdc iia, is a gramnegative rod widely distributed in nature. Antimicrobial susceptibility data on chryseobacterium spp. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica, formerly chryseobacterium meningosepticum, is the most important pathogen, particularly in neonatal meningitis. Data from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program indicated that e. Successful management of elizabethkingia meningoseptica. Chryseobacterium indologenes is a nonlactosefermenting, gramnegative, health careassociated pathogen hcap.
Some species of chryseobacterium have been involved in human infections, acting as sporadic but severe opportunistic nosocomial pathogens. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum is a ubiquitous gramnegative bacillus historically associated primarily with meningitis in neonates and a wide variety of infections. It is widely distributed in the environment, yet also an acknowledged opportunistic human pathogen. There have been an increasing number of infections in fish associated with different species of chryseobacterium, being considered potentially emerging pathogens. Chryseobacterium flavobacterium meningosepticum outbreak. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum, formerly known as flavobacterium meningosepticum, has been reported to cause outbreaks of meningitis, primarily in premature newborns and infants in neonatal intensive care units icu. In addition, results of susceptibility testing vary when different. King who isolated kingella in 1960, was studying unclassified pediatricmeningitis associated bacteria at the.
Antibioticresistant pathogens and nosocomial infections constitute common and serious problems for neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care units worldwide. The genera chryseobacterium and elizabethkingia springerlink. For reasons that are explained in the section phylogeny, the splitting of the genus chryseobacterium was proposed very recently kim et al. Chryseobacterium indologenes is an uncommon human pathogen. Overall, cefepime was more active than cefpirome against c. Reported infections include bacteremia, pneumonia, meningitis, myositis, keratitis, and indwelling devices. Chryseobacterium indologenes, previously called flavobacterium, has been reported to cause hospitalacquired infections mostly in taiwan but rarely elsewhere. Apr 12, 2016 we report for the first time a case of community acquired chryseobacterium indologenes soft tissue infection in an immunocompetent patient.
Chryseobacterium meningosepticum is a rare pathogen in cases of bacterial meningitis in adults and adolescents. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica formerly flavobacterium meningosepticum and, during 19942005 chryseobacterium meningosepticum is a gramnegative nonfermenting obligate aerobe. Chryseobacterium indologenes, a nonmotile gramnegative rod, though widely distributed in nature, is an uncommon human pathogen. List the appropriate media for cultivation of the organisms listed, particularly e. Incision and drainage was done and pus was sent for culture and sensitivity.
Conversely, onehalf of the isolates from the respiratory tract were c. Chryseobacterium, sphingobacterium, and similar organisms. Elizabethkingia meningosepticum nursing ceu ceufast. Antimicrobial susceptibility and epidemiology of a. On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic analysis results, it is evident that each of these strains represents a novel species of chryseobacterium, for which the names chryseobacterium soldanellicola sp. A chryseobacterium meningosepticum outbreak observed in 3 clusters involving both neonatal and nonneonatal pediatric patients. Chryseobacterium indologenes noncatheterrelated bacteremia. A 11 year female child, from southasia of indian origin presented with fever, pain and swelling in right leg for 3 days with no significant past history. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum infection and cardiac. Most infections have been detected in hospitalized patients with severe underlying diseases who had indwelling devices or implants. The highest chryseobacterium prevalence was detected among the elderly. It may be normally present in fish and frogs but is not normally present in the human microflora. Pdf chryseobacterium meningosepticum is a ubiquitous gramnegative bacillus historically associated primarily with meningitis in. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum, formerly known as flavobacterium meningosepticum or cdciia, is a nonfermentative, nonmotile, oxidasepositive gramnegative rod that is widely distributed in nature.
Atypical chryseobacterium meningosepticum and meningitis and. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica chryseobacterium meningosepticum bacteraemia. Jan 14, 2011 chryseobacterium indologenes is an uncommon human pathogen. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum is a lactosenonfermenting gramnegative bacilli ubiquitously found in the natural and hospital environment. Suspected colonies were then identified using manual or automated. Chryseobacterium indologenes and chryseobacterium gleum are human pathogens and are former members of the genus flavobacterium vandamme et al. Urinary tract infection by chryseobacterium indologenes. Chryseobacterium flavobacterium meningosepticum outbreak associated with colonization of water taps in a neonatal intensive care unit. Identification and virulence of chryseobacterium indologenes. Chryseobacterium indologenes sepsis due to an infected. Septic shock caused by elizabethkingia meningoseptica. It is ubiquitously found in soil and water and it has also been recovered from hospital. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum is the most clinically important species of the genus chryseobacterium. Acute emergence of elizabethkingia meningoseptica infection among mechanically ventilated patients in a longterm acute care facility volume 31 issue 1 kingsley n.
Elizabethkingia meningoseptica international journal of infection. An emerging pathogen causing meningitis in a hospitalized adult trauma patient. We present the case of a patient with endstage renal disease who developed purulent pericarditis with c meningosepticum infection, which rapidly evolved into cardiac. Elizabethkingia meningosepticum chryseobacterium core. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica, formerly chryseobacterium meningosepticum, is the most important pathogen. Most infections have been detected in hospitalized patients with severe underlying diseases who had indwelling devices implanted. A chryseobacterium meningosepticum colonization outbreak in a. The pathogen causes meningitis in premature and newborn infants and pneumonia, endocarditis, postoperative bacteremia, and meningitis usually associated with severe underlying illness in adults 47. Nevertheless the knowledge of the diversity of species associated with fish disease is partial due to the problems for a correct identification at the species level based exclusively on phenotypic laboratory methods. This pdf is available for free download from a site hosted by medknow publications. Infection is typically from an environmental source. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum is the most pathogenic member of the genus. Chryseobacterium meningoseptcium formerly called flavobacterium meningosepticum and cdc group iia is the most pathogenic member of the genus. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica, previously known as chryseobacterium meningosepticum, is a gramnegative bacillus that is widely distributed in nature.
We present a case of ventilatorassociated pneumonia caused by c. Pdf chryseobacterium meningosepticum bacteremia in diabetic. Most frequently associated with neonatal meningitis 3,4, the organism also has been described in. Chryseobacterium indologenes an overview sciencedirect topics. Chryseobacterium form typical yelloworange color colonies due to flexirubintype pigment. Antimicrobial susceptibility and epidemiology of a worldwide. Limited data are available on chryseobacterium spp. Lower respiratory tract 52% and blood 46% were the major sites. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum bacteremia in diabetic. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is a nonfermentative gramnegative bacillus that is ubiquitously found in hospital environments, and it has been associated with various nosocomial infections. Chryseobacterium indologenes infection in a newborn. Although chryseobacterium meningosepticum is the most pathogenic of the genus, chryseobacterium indologenes c.
The genus contains more than 100 described species from diverse habitats, including freshwater sources, soil, marine. Chapter 24 chryseobacterium, sphingobacterium, and similar organisms objectives 1. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum is a ubiquitous gramnegative bacillus historically associated primarily with meningitis. Chryseobacterium indologenes are aerobic, gram negative, nonfermentative rods that are intrinsically multidrug resistant.
The newly classified and renamed elizabethkingia, chryseobacterium and myroides genera were originally included among the different species that belong to the genus flavobacterium. Clinical strains of chryseobacterium and elizabethkingia spp. Chryseobacterium indologenes an overview sciencedirect. Bacteremia due to elizabethkingia meningoseptica sciencedirect. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum sepsis complicated with. Formerly flavobacterium indologenes, chryserobacterium indologenes is a yellow pigmented, gramnegative filamentous, nonmotile rod and can be found in soil, plants, foodstuffs and water sources including those found in hospitals 1234.
Members of the genus chryseobacterium are widely distributed in various. Clinical and microbiological analysis of bloodstream infections. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica, previously known as chryseobacterium meningosepticum, is a nonfermenting, oxidasepositive, nonmotile, gramnegative aerobic bacillus. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is a gram negative rod shaped bacteria widely distributed in nature e. Pdf an adult case of chryseobacterium meningosepticum. Previously known as chryseobacterium meningosepticum, and prior to this, flavobacterium meningosepticum hardy organism found in water, soilubiquitous in hospital environments. The most active antimicrobials were the newer quinolones garenoxacin, gatifloxacin, and levofloxacin, each with a mic at which 90 percent of the isolates are inhibited mic90 of 1 micro gml and 98. Identify the normal habitat and the routes of transmission for the organisms. Jones, rosemary albright, yolanda thomas, carlos h. First isolation and characterization of chryseobacterium. Elizabethkingia meningosepticum chryseobacterium meningosepticum infections in children. Unforeseeable presentation of chryseobacterium indologenes.
Outbreaks usually extend over a period of a few weeks 15, 16, although they may last longer 14, 17, and this was the case in the present study. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica, nonfermenting gramnegative bacillus. King who isolated kingella kingae in 1960 was studying. It is ubiquitous and intrinsically resistant to several antibiotics. These 11 strains were found to cluster according to 16s rrna gene sequence similarity at a level of. Susceptibilities of chryseobacterium indologenes and. Chryseobacterium species is an uncommon human pathogen although recovered from various sources in the hospital environment. Waterborne elizabethkingia meningoseptica in adult. Zambrano, michael costello, janet havel, joel price, susan i. Currently, 36 species are included in the genus, but not all have yet been. Emerging chryseobacterium indologenes infection in.
Chryseobacterium species are chemoorganotrophic, rod shape gramnegative bacteria. Pdf elizabethkingia meningosepticum chryseobacterium. Chryseobacterium is a genus of gramnegative bacteria. We report for the first time a case of community acquired chryseobacterium indologenes soft tissue infection in an immunocompetent patient. We report here a case of chryseobacterium meningosepticum bacteremia in a diabetic nephropathy patient on hemodialysis. The genus flavobacterium was created in 1923 for a group of nonspore forming, aerobic gram negative rods, with the ability to produce yellow pigmented colonies 8. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica bacteremia in a neonate. Sep 01, 2000 chryseobacterium meningosepticum, formerly known as flavobacterium meningosepticum and cdc iia, is a gramnegative rod widely distributed in nature. Main organism described as human pathogen in this class. As an agent of neonatal meningitis, it reportedly demonstrates mortality rates of up to 57% and produces severe postinfection sequelae including hydrocephalus, deafness, and developmental delay. A collection of eight clinical strains from belgian hospitals and three clinical strains of the ccug collection were characterized biochemically as being similar to cdc groups iih and iic. Nursing homeassociated infections and antibiotic resistant pathogens constitute common and serious problems in the geriatric population.
Pdf the chryseobacterium species are inhabitants of soil and water. In hospital environments, they have been recovered from water systems and humid surfaces. Chryseobacteria are not a part of the human flora but are found in soil, plants, and foodstuffs. Six cases have been recorded in europe, 2 in australia, and a single case in the united states. Clinical strains of chryseobacterium and elizabethkingia.
It is a wellknown agent of meningitis in premature and newborn infants. Case reportendocarditis due to chryseobacterium meningosepticum. Two gramnegative, yellowpigmented bacteria designated psd14t and pha34t, isolated from two sanddune plant species inhabiting coastal areas in taean, korea, were subjected to taxonomic investigation. Fifty isolates 24 chryseobacterium meningosepticum, 20 chryseobacterium indologenes, two chryseobacterium gleum, and 4 chryseobacterium spp.
Elizabethkingia species from chryseobacterium indologenes the most common species causing human disease in this genus is by the lack of a yellow pigment in culture see table. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is a gramnegative, rodshaped bacterium widely distributed in nature e. Epidemiology of a worldwide collection of chryseobacterium. The genus contains more than 100 described species from diverse habitats, including freshwater sources, soil, marine fish, and human hosts. Clinical infection caused by c meningosepticum is very rare among healthy adults. Chryseobacterium indologenes is nonmotile, oxidase, and indole positive gramnegative aerobic bacilli which is widely found in plants, soil, foodstuffs, and water. We present the clinical course of a 52yearold african male with a medical history of end stage renal disease esrd in hemodialysis with multiple episodes of. Cureus chryseobacterium indologenes, an emerging bacteria. It can colonize hospital environment due to ability to survive in chlorinetreated water supplies. Most infections have been detected in hospitalized patients with severe underlying diseases and who had indwelling devices or implants. Flavobacterium meningosepticum, cdc group iia bacteriology a bacterium of soil, water, plants, foods, hospital waterincubators, tap water, hemodialysis systems, pharmaceuticals mode of transmission uncertain, but probably linked to contaminated medical devices and fluids. Typically thought of as an organism of low virulence, it may cause serious infections, particularly among the immunocompromised.